基于公共管理视角下人才管理培养模式探讨（英文）

　　Abstract:The concept of public management has an important impact on the development and progress of society, as well as on the management and training of College students. In the current situation that the concept of public management is spreading more and more rapidly, students'management in Colleges and universities needs to be combined with public management knowledge and learn from its advantages to achieve the development goal. Based on the perspective of public management, this paper discusses the management mode of College students, points out the problems existing in the management and training of College students, and puts forward new ways of training and management.

　　

　　Key word:Public management; Student management training; Innovation; Student-oriented;

　　

　　1. Summary of the Current Situation of Management and Training of College Students

　　

　　With the reform of education system, the rapid development of higher education industry in China, the increasing number of College students, the gradual expansion of school-running scale, the complex composition of students, the weak ideological and political awareness, the original school teaching resources, school facilities and other updates are not timely, can no longer meet the current needs of students in Colleges and universities. At the same time, it causes the neglect of students'management and training mode in Colleges and universities, and affects the efficiency of improving students' development. In addition, the current higher education should be student-centered, carry out activities and other tasks should put the interests of students in the first place, but many colleges and universities did not stand in the perspective of students, for the sake of students, that is to say, ignore this basic requirement, in essence, there is no good grasp, may not be able to carry out efficient management.

　　

　　2. Connotation and Significance of College Student Management Model from the Perspective of Public Management

　　

　　（1） Connotation of Public Management Model

　　

　　Public management belongs to a branch of management. It is a management mode produced in the case of deficiencies in core government management. Its purpose is to realize public interests. It is a discipline with the greatest development potential in the contemporary and even in the future. As the name implies, public management is the management of public affairs, which emphasizes not only the “public” management, but also the “binding” management of public power. The original public management model originated from the government, on this basis, public management began to extend to other non-profit organizations such as schools to play a role, which also produced the public management model now recognized by everyone. The knowledge of public management has been added, and the relative component of enterprise management mode has been integrated into the management of colleges and universities, which greatly improves the development efficiency of colleges and universities.

　　

　　（2） The Significance of the Existence of College Student Management Model from the Perspective of Public Management

　　

　　At present, higher education has entered the stage of popularization. More and more students have the opportunity to contact the university. At the same time, it has led to different changes in students'psychology. It has become a challenge for the university to carry out student management, so that the university student management model and theoretical system need to be further improved and developed. The traditional student management mode is a unified management plan of the school, which is not conducive to the development of students'personality and the diversification of social needs. The knowledge of public management can solve these problems well. Therefore, the application of public management to the management of college students will make the training mode of student management more standardized and easier to manage. The emphasis of public management is “people-oriented”. Compared with other aspects, the emphasis of public management in Colleges and universities is student-oriented. Students in Colleges and universities can greatly realize their own interests and seek future development.

　　

　　3. Analysis of the Problems Existing in the Management of College Students

　　

　　（1） The management training mode is single and lacks the concept of “service-oriented” training.

　　

　　The role of managers is not only to formulate policies, but also to apply, implement and innovate policies while formulating policies. At present, the management training mode in Colleges and universities is relatively single, and all adopt the unified management mode to manage and train students, which is not conducive to the development of students themselves, and will have a negative impact. On the premise of combining the concept of public management, colleges and universities should actively establish the concept of student-oriented, and implement service-oriented education and training mode for students, which is one of the areas that must be improved in today's colleges and universities. Transforming management type to service type is one of the important innovative measures for the healthy development of colleges and universities. If schools fail to discover and improve this problem in time, it will have a negative impact on the future development.

　　

　　（2） Simply attaching importance to theoretical teaching and neglecting practical skills training

　　

　　A remarkable feature of public administration is its strong practicality, which is the only criterion for testing truth. At present, the theoretical dissemination of practice in Colleges and universities is not strong enough, the status of practical teaching is not high, and theoretical teaching still occupies the main position of management training. In addition, colleges and universities currently pay more attention to the teaching of professional knowledge, ignore the teaching of other professional knowledge, do not pay attention to the cultivation of cross-professional development ability, leading to the current university out of the talent is often weak overall quality. College students'training and management mode should adopt comprehensive and effective management methods. It is not only necessary to study professional knowledge courses unilaterally, but also need to adopt practical training mode to train management students across majors.

　　

　　（3） The stability of full-time student counselors is poor

　　

　　Full-time counselors mean that they are specially responsible for the daily ideological education management of students. In recent years, with the improvement of the state's emphasis on education, the scale of colleges and universities has been expanding, the number of students is increasing, and full-time counselors have been in a lot of work for a long time, resulting in a decline in work completion efficiency and low enthusiasm. On the other hand, due to the large number of students and the small number of teaching and assistant personnel, the full-time counselor team is mobile, that is, there are many things to manage, no fixed professional management projects, can not be long-term committed to student management, poor stability, not conducive to the development of colleges and universities, affecting the efficient promotion of student management and training.

　　

　　（4） The serious bureaucratic model of student management class and the weak ideological and political consciousness of students

　　

　　In an enterprise, class rule often occurs, and in the current management of College students, similar situation is becoming more and more serious. At present, there is a big problem in Colleges and universities, which is the dictatorship of the leadership. What policies and regulations have been formulated by the leaders, students must implement them, and they must not make mistakes. In many cases, students in Colleges and universities are passive. They blindly obey the tasks arranged by schools, and they will not join in their own thinking or have no right to refute them. Such a management model is extremely lack of integration of public management consciousness, class bureaucracy model is becoming increasingly serious, students'enthusiasm is being eliminated, the management effect will be declining, and the development of schools and students will also stagnate. On the other hand, students'current ideological and political awareness is relatively weak, which is also one of the important problems facing the management model of College students. It is urgent to strengthen students' ideological and political education.

　　

　　4. Ways and Means of Applying Public Management to Students'Management Training

　　

　　（1） Strengthen practical teaching and attach importance to integrating theory with practice

　　

　　Public management emphasizes practicality. On the basis of the current teaching management model, colleges and universities should set up practical application courses corresponding to theoretical courses. While imparting professional theoretical knowledge, they should adopt practical application methods to teach. The two complement each other and create a new model of student education management. Colleges and universities need to guide students to test the truth in practice, carry out more practical training activities, strengthen the development of practical activities, so that students have a better and more comprehensive development, while improving the school's teaching methods, can cultivate excellent talents for society, and better promote the continuing development of schools.

　　

　　（2） Introducing part of enterprise management methods and establishing scientific competition and incentive mechanism

　　

　　Under the concept of public management, the management of enterprises is becoming more and more regular. To apply this concept to the cultivation of College students, we can introduce the management methods of enterprises into the management of students in schools. Although there are differences between enterprise management department and university student management department in many aspects, the management knowledge such as management science, demand hypothesis, input and output design in enterprises has positive significance to university student management mode to a great extent. For example, attendance in universities can refer to the enterprise's work card system, and dormitory management of students can refer to the property public. Division's working system, etc. In addition, the management and Training Department of college students should establish a scientific competition and incentive mechanism, refer to the performance appraisal system of enterprises, establish different management policies in all aspects of school life and work, implement clear performance goal control, and effectively improve the quality of management.

　　

　　（3） Applying the knowledge of public administration to the management of students'safety and ideological and Political Education

　　

　　The new public management theory talks about the safety management of colleges and universities. It puts forward that safety management belongs to the concept of “quasi-public goods”. Higher education itself is a public service, and the safety management of colleges and universities can be said to be the most important. The departments responsible for student safety management in Colleges and universities need to clarify their responsibilities, apply public management knowledge, adopt some modern management methods, and quote enterprise management mechanism in order to effectively carry out student safety management in Colleges and universities. In addition, the ideological and political education of college students should also be managed and updated. Applying public management knowledge to strengthen students'ideological and political education can promote the management of students in schools and help to innovate management models.

　　

　　（4） To adjust the focus of student management in Colleges and universities and train applied management talents.

　　

　　At present, there is an imbalance in the management of College students. Relevant departments should adjust the focus of management appropriately, put the main work on the introduction of policies, the specific implementation process of programs, effective training guidance and so on, and reduce other unnecessary work. In the distribution of management power, it is also necessary to make adjustments, redefine the responsibility assignment, implement the power relationship between each department, and pay attention to decentralization of management power to achieve the goal of fair and effective management.

　　

　　epilogue

　　

　　Higher education occupies an important position in China's education, and it is an important way to export and build talents. Based on the perspective of public management, the management and training of college students should focus on students-oriented, comprehensive service to students, in order to improve the quality of students'learning and life, and pay more attention to practical application. At present, the concept of public management is deeply rooted in the hearts of the people. The development of both enterprises and non-profit organizations needs to adapt to the needs of the times. Especially in Colleges and universities responsible for training talents for the society, managers must keep pace with the times and be good at learning and applying new management knowledge to promote development.

　　

　　The greatest requirement of public management is people-oriented, and the purpose of universities is student-centered, which needs to meet the public's pursuit, discover the potential of each student, and provide good service to students. At present, there are many problems in the way of student management and training in Colleges and universities. If these problems can not be solved, the way of development of college students will be blocked, and the ability of students will not be explored to a greater extent, which will violate the original purpose of College construction. Therefore, it is necessary to innovate the training mode of student management. Actively using public management knowledge for student management training can promote the common development of universities and students, effectively improve the quality of management, and train more excellent graduates for the society.

　　

　　Reference

　　

　　[1] Yang Haibo. Student Management Model of Colleges and Universities Based on New Public Management Theory [J]. Science and Technology Perspective, 2018 （27）。　　

　　[2] Wang Wei. Student Management in Independent Colleges Based on Public Management Theory [J]. Asia-Pacific Education, 2015 （35）。　　

　　[3] Liu Yuegen. The Enlightenment and Reference of the New Public Management Theory to the Innovation of Student Work in Colleges and Universities [J]. China Electric Power Education, 2013 （19）。